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Covalent bonding in carbon, isomerism in alkanes, esterification vs saponification reactions, and micelle cleansing mechanism.
Carbon and its Compounds is the conceptual gateway to organic chemistry in CBSE Class 10.
Esterification: Carboxylic acid + Alcohol in presence of acid catalyst yields sweet-smelling Ester ($CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \xrightarrow{H^+} CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O$). Saponification: Alkaline hydrolysis of esters with $NaOH$ yields soap ($CH_3COONa$) and alcohol.
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