NEB Class 12 Computer Science: C++ OOP, Pointers & File Handling

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++ forms the core programming component of NEB Class 12 Computer Science.

The 4 Pillars of OOP

• Encapsulation: Binding data and functions into a single class with private and public access specifiers.
• Inheritance: Single, multiple, and hierarchical inheritance using constructor chaining.
• Polymorphism: Function overloading (compile-time) and virtual functions (run-time).
• Data Abstraction: Hiding internal implementation through abstract classes and pure virtual functions.